საუკეთესო საქმე ამქვეყნად
გაბრიელ გარსია მარკესი
jer kidev raRac ormocdaaTi wlis win Jurnalistikis skolebi saerTod ar arsebobda. am xelobas pirdapir sareportioroSi, tipografiaSi, uaxloes kafesa da paraskev Rameebis “fxizlobebisas” veuflebodiT. gazeTi iyo fabrika, sadac Jurnalistebic “cxvebodnen” da miukib-moukibavi axali ambebic. Jurnalistebi yovelTvis mxarSi vedeqiT erTmaneTs, saerTo cxovrebiT vcxovrobdiT da ise viyaviT Sepyrobilni sakuTari samuSaoTi, rom sxvaze araferze vsaubrobdiT. saqme mtkice megobrul urTierTobebs aduRabebda da piradi, gancalkevebuli cxovrebisTvis adgili TiTqmis aRar rCeboda. aucilebel saredaqcio TaTbirebs aravin atarebda, magram yovel dRe, xuT saaTze, dRis maraTonis Semdeg sulis mosabruneblad yvela TanamSromeli saaxalambebo ganyofilebaSi yavis sasmelad ikribeboda. ubralod, vsaubrobdiT, gazeTis TiToeuli ganyofilebis cxel-cxel ambebze vbWobdiT da ukanaskneli Strixebi Segvqonda momdevno dRis gamocemis masalebSi. im dros gazeTi sam did ganyofilebad iyofoda: axali ambebis, sensaciisa (“sakvanZo masalebisa”) da saredaqcio werilebisa. yvelaze prestiJuli da “daxuruli” - saredaqcio ganyofileba iyo; reportiori am piramidis bolos, sadRac staJiorsa da xelis biWs Sua imyofeboda. drom da Tavad samuSaom aCvena, rom Jurnalistikis nervuli centri sxvagvaradaa ganlagebuli. 19 wlisam kariera anonimi litTanamSromliT daviwye saredaqcio ganyofilebaSi da nel-nela, didi wvalebiT mivcocavdi samsaxurebriv kibeze, sanam bolo safexurs, damwyebi reportiorisas, ar mivaRwie.
Semdgom Jurnalistikis skolebi gaCnda da teqnologiis Semotevebic daiwyo. am skolebis kursdamTavrebulebma cudad icodnen gramatika da sintaqsi, Zliv-ZlivobiT erkveodnen mciredi sirTulis cnebebSic ki da saxifaTo doziT ar esmodaT sakuTari profesiis arsi: sensacia nebismier fasad swonida yvela zneobriv Tvalsazriss.
etyoba, Tavad profesia ise swrafad ar viTardeboda, rogorc misi samuSao instrumentebi. Jurnalistebi daikargnen teqnologiis labirinTebSi, romelic maT giJuri aCqarebiTa da sruli ukontrolobiT momavlisken ubiZgebda. sxvagvarad, sagazeTo saqme CaTreul iqna teqnikuri modernizaciisaTvis sastik SejibrSi da Sewyvita Tavisi qveiTebis (reportiorebis) gamowafva, daiviwya erToblivi Sromis is meqanizmebi, romlebic profesias asazrdoebda. axali ambebis ganyofilebebi iqca sterilur laboratoriebad, romlebSic martoxela mglebi muSaoben; saidanac geCveneba, rom aramiwier civilizaciebTan kontaqtis damyareba ufro iolia, vidre mkiTxvelis sulamde misvla. dehumanizacia oTxiT miqris.
teletaipisa da teleqsis gamogonebamde mavani TviTmgvemi radios usmenda, raTa lamis kosmiuri RrWialisa da stvenis domxalSi mTeli msofliodan siaxleebi daeWira. kargad informirebul korespondents fragmentebis Sekowiweba, fonisa da Sesabamisi detalebis gamokveTa, erTi sityviT, cali malidan dinozavris ConCxis aRdgena uxdeboda. amasTan, avtorobis miTiTeba akrZaluli hqonda - es mTavari redaqtoris wmindaTawminda prerogativa gaxldaT. ase sulac rom ar yofiliyo, iTvleboda, rom meTauri werili da saredaqcio svetebi redaqtoris mier iwereboda; Tanac savsebiT gaurkveveli da uTavbolo eniT, romelsac, rogorc istoria mowmobs, RvTisnier saxes swored am gansakuTrebuli mizniT StatSi ayvanili redaqtoris piradi memanqane aZlevda.
dRes faqti da Tvalsazrisi erTmaneTs gadaejaWva: axal ambebSi komentarebia CarTuli, xolo saredaqcio masalebi faqtebiTaa gatenili. amiT saboloo produqti ar umjobesdeba da arasdros Jurnalistis profesia amdeni xifaTis Semcveli ar yofila. uneblie Tu gangeb daSvebuli Secdomebi, avadganzraxuli manipulaciebi Tu gesliani damaxinjebani axal ambavs seriozul iaraRad aqcevs. anonimad darCenis msurvel “informirebul wyaroebsa” da “saxelisuflo Cinovnikebze”, anda yovlismcodne, magram maT Sesaxeb aravin rom uwyis, im juris damkvirveblebze dayrdnobiT warmodgenili damowmebani yvela darRvevas Cqmalavs da maT dausjelebs tovebs. damnaSave Jurnalisti jiutad icavs sakuTar uflebas, ar gaamxilos informaciis wyaro, ise rom, kiTxva arc ki ebadeba, ase Tavad xom ar iqca Tvinier iaraRad wyaros xelSi, romelic misi meSveobiT sarfian informacias avrcelebs. me Tu mkiTxavT, zustadac cudi Jurnalistebi ufrTxildebian Tvalis CiniviT TavianT wyaroebs, gansakuTrebiT, Tuki wyaroebi oficialuria. isini maT miTologizebas axdenen, icaven, eloliavebian da, saboloo jamSi, maT mimarT saxifaTod solidarulni aRmoCndebian xolme. es ki aiZulebT, sxva wyaroebze Tqvan uari. A
mzad var gavrisko da Tqven winaSe sasacilod warmovCnde, magram vityvi, rom am dramas kidev erTi damnaSave hyavs - magnitofoni. mis gamogonebamde Jurnalisturi saqmianoba warmatebiT mimdinareobda sami iaraRis: bloknotis, “briyvisgan Tavdasacavi” eTikuri principebisa da wyaros monayolis sasmenad, wyvili yuris meSveobiT. magnitofonisTvis Jurnalistikisa da eTikis saxelmZRvanelo jer ar gamougonebiaT. vinmem unda auxsnas axalbeda reportiorebs, rom magnitofoni mexsierebis Semcvleli ki ara, ubralod, isev is keTili nacnobi bloknotia, oRond gaumjobesebuli da moxerxebuli.
magnitofoni meqanikuri TuTiyuSiviT ismens da imeorebs, magram ver azrovnebs; is saimedoa, magram guli ara aqvs; da bolos, mis mier zedmiwevniTi sizustiT aRqmuls ise ver daeyrdnobi, rogorc cocxali Jurnalistisas, romelic Tanamosaubres yuradRebiT usmens da imavdroulad, afasebs mis naTqvams, amowmebs sakuTari codniTa da gamocdilebiT.
swored magnitofons ekisreba mTeli pasuxismgebloba sadReisod interviusadmi daumsaxureblad didi pativisgebis gamo. savsebiT gasagebia, rom Tavad radiosa da televiziis Tavisebureba aniWebs intervius maTi mTavari sayrdenis rols. dRes masobrivi informaciis beWdviTi saSualebebic iziareben saerTo cdomilebas da Tvlian, - TiTqos WeSmaritebis xma Jurnalists ki ara, mis Tanamosaubres ekuTvnis. SeiZleba Rirdes, kvlav davubrundeT mokrZalebul bloknots, romelSic Jurnalisti Tanamoubris yurisgdebisas gaazrebul Canawerebs akeTebs, xolo magnitofons fasdaudebeli mowmis Sesatyvisi roli vargunoT. Zlier visurvebdi mefiqra, rom moralis darRveva da sxva problemebi, romlebic amJamindeli Jurnalistikis Rirsebas akninebs da xels uSlis mis marTebul muSaobas, yovelTvis piradi uzneobis Sedegi ki ar yofiliyo, aramed Cveulebrivi araprofesionalizmidan gamomdinare xangamoSvebiTi cdomileba.
Jurnalisturi skolebis ubedureba, albaT, isaa, rom zogierTi sasargeblo profesiuli Cvevis gaTavisebisas, arasakmarisad uxsnian Segirdebs xelobis arss. Jurnalistur skolebSi yovelgvari swavleba sam ZiriTad princips unda emyarebodes. pirveli da mTavari: unarebi da niWi - aucilebeli pirobaa; meore: gacnobiereba imisa, rom “Jurnalisturi gamoZieba” sulac araa gamorCeuli Janri, nebismieri Jurnalistika gansazRvrebiT gamoZiebas warmoadgens da mesame: eTika ubralod daostatebis meorexarisxovani piroba rodia,Uaramed misi ganuyofeli nawili. eTika da profesia - iseve ganucalkevebelia, rogorc bzuili da buzi.
nebismier SemTxvevaSi, yoveli Jurnalisturi skolis saboloo mizani ZiriTadi profesiuli Cvevebis dauflebisken mibrunebaSi unda gacxaddes; iseve, rogorc JurnalistikisaTvis sazogadoebis msaxurebis Tavdapirveli funqciis aRdgenaSi; aRorZinebaSi im cxare araformaluri seminarebisa, romelTac yovel dRe, daTqmul dros, Wiqa yavaze vatarebdiT warsuli droebis gazeTebis redaqciebSi.
კნუტ ჰამსუნი(1859-1952წ.წ.)ეს სურათი გადაღებულია 1950 წელს
